NW|26-JUI-SDC|Ahmad Hmedan|Sprint 5 |Prep exercises

Perp-exercises/Generics6.1.py

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+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    children: list["Person"]
+
+
+fatma = Person(name="Fatma", age=22, children=[])
+aisha = Person(name="Aisha", age=17, children=[])
+
+imran = Person(name="Imran", age=44, children=[fatma, aisha])
+
+
+def print_family_tree(person: Person) -> None:
+    print(person.name)
+    for child in person.children:
+        print(f"- {child.name} ({child.age})")
+
+
+print_family_tree(imran)

Perp-exercises/class-exercise3.1.py

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+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+
+
+imran = Person("Imran", 22, "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.name)
+# print(imran.address)
+
+eliza = Person("Eliza", 34, "Arch Linux")
+print(eliza.name)
+# print(eliza.address)
+
+
+def is_adult(person: Person) -> bool:
+    return person.age >= 18
+
+
+print(is_adult(imran))
+
+
+def is_student(person: Person) -> bool:
+    return person.student

Perp-exercises/dataclase-5.1.py

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+from datetime import date
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+
+    name: str
+    date_of_birth: date
+    preferred_operating_system: str
+
+    def age(self) -> int:
+        current: date = date.today()
+        age: int = current.year - self.date_of_birth.year
+        if (current.month, current.day) < (
+            self.date_of_birth.month,
+            self.date_of_birth.day,
+        ):
+            age -= 1
+        return age
+
+    def is_adult(self) -> bool:
+        return self.age() >= 18
+
+
+imran = Person("Imran", date(2022, 10, 16), "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.is_adult())

Perp-exercises/enum8.1.py

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+from enum import Enum
+from typing import List
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+class OperatingSystem(Enum):
+    MACOS = "macOS"
+    ARCH = "Arch Linux"
+    UBUNTU = "Ubuntu"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Laptop:
+    id: int
+    manufacturer: str
+    model: str
+    screen_size_in_inches: int
+    operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Person:
+    name: str
+    age: int
+    preferred_operating_system: OperatingSystem
+
+
+laptops = [
+    Laptop(
+        id=1,
+        manufacturer="Dell",
+        model="XPS",
+        screen_size_in_inches=13,
+        operating_system=OperatingSystem.ARCH,
+    ),
+    Laptop(
+        id=2,
+        manufacturer="Dell",
+        model="XPS",
+        screen_size_in_inches=15,
+        operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU,
+    ),
+    Laptop(
+        id=3,
+        manufacturer="Dell",
+        model="XPS",
+        screen_size_in_inches=15,
+        operating_system=OperatingSystem.UBUNTU,
+    ),
+    Laptop(
+        id=4,
+        manufacturer="Apple",
+        model="macBook",
+        screen_size_in_inches=13,
+        operating_system=OperatingSystem.MACOS,
+    ),
+]
+
+
+def group_laptops_by_operating_system(
+    laptops: List[Laptop],
+) -> dict[OperatingSystem, List[Laptop]]:
+    available_laptops: dict[OperatingSystem, List[Laptop]] = {
+        OperatingSystem.UBUNTU: [],
+        OperatingSystem.ARCH: [],
+        OperatingSystem.MACOS: [],
+    }
+    for laptop in laptops:
+        available_laptops[laptop.operating_system].append(laptop)
+
+    return available_laptops
+
+
+def how_many_match(
+    person: Person, available_laptops: dict[OperatingSystem, List[Laptop]]
+) -> int:
+    return len(available_laptops[person.preferred_operating_system])
+
+
+def most_available_operating_system(
+    available_laptops: dict[OperatingSystem, List[Laptop]],
+) -> OperatingSystem:
+    if not available_laptops:
+        raise ValueError("No operating systems available")
+    max_len: int = -1
+    most_available: OperatingSystem
+    for key, val in available_laptops.items():
+        if len(val) > max_len:
+            max_len = len(val)
+            most_available = key
+
+    return most_available
+
+
+def read_operating_system() -> OperatingSystem:
+    print("""choose an operating system:
+              1.Ubuntu
+              2,Arch Linux
+              3.macOs""")
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            choice = int(input("Enter Your choice[1-3]: "))
+            if 1 <= choice <= 3:
+              break
+        except ValueError:
+            print("please enter a valid number.")
+
+    os_map: dict[int, OperatingSystem] = {
+            1: OperatingSystem.UBUNTU,
+            2: OperatingSystem.ARCH,
+            3: OperatingSystem.MACOS,
+        }
+    return os_map[choice]
+def read_valid_number(message:str)->int:
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+         num = int(input(message))
+         return num
+        except ValueError:
+            print("Please enter a valid number.")
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    name: str = input("Name: ")
+    age: int = read_valid_number("Age: ")
+    preferred_operating_system: OperatingSystem = read_operating_system()
+    person1: Person = Person(name, age, preferred_operating_system)
+
+    laptops_by_operating_system = group_laptops_by_operating_system(laptops)
+    matching_laptop_count: int = how_many_match(person1, laptops_by_operating_system)
+    print("We have", matching_laptop_count, "matches")
+
+    most_available_os: OperatingSystem = most_available_operating_system(
+        laptops_by_operating_system
+    )
+    choice: OperatingSystem = person1.preferred_operating_system
+    if person1.preferred_operating_system != most_available_os:
+        confirm = input(
+            "Are you willing to accept " f"{most_available_os.value} instead? Y/N: "
+        )
+        if confirm.lower() == "y":
+            choice = most_available_os
+
+    if not choice:
+        print("No laptops are available for that operating system.")
+        return
+    rented_laptops: list[Laptop] = []
+
+    rented_out: Laptop = laptops_by_operating_system[choice].pop()
+    rented_laptops.append(rented_out)
+
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

Perp-exercises/exercises1-1.py

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+# Predict what double("22") will do. Then run the code and check.
+# Did it do what you expected? Why did it return the value it did?
+
+# answer
+# I predict that will return undefined or raise an error. However, it returned "2222"
+# because double function repeats the string twice

Perp-exercises/inheritance9.1.py

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+class Parent:  # Implement a class   called Parent
+    def __init__(
+        self, first_name: str, last_name: str
+    ):  # Constructor that initializes the object's attributes.
+        self.first_name = first_name  # Create the 'first_name' attribute and assign the constructor argument to it
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_name(self) -> str:  # Return the person's first name.
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"
+
+
+class Child(Parent):  # Implement a class called Child that inherit the class Parent
+    def __init__(
+        self, first_name: str, last_name: str
+    ):  # Constructor for derived class
+        super().__init__(
+            first_name, last_name
+        )  # call the parent class to initialize inherited attributes.
+        self.previous_last_names = []  # Create a list to store Previous last names
+
+    def change_last_name(
+        self, last_name: str
+    ) -> None:  # implement a function that take one  parameter (the new name)
+        self.previous_last_names.append(
+            self.last_name
+        )  # and  store the last name before setting a new value
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    def get_full_name(
+        self,
+    ) -> (
+        str
+    ):  # declare a var and  return full name with "nee "and fist name that assign when the object where declare
+        suffix = ""
+        if len(self.previous_last_names) > 0:
+            suffix = f" (née {self.previous_last_names[0]})"
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}{suffix}"
+
+
+person1 = Child(
+    "Elizaveta", "Alekseeva"
+)  # declare an object of Child class and give two arguments as firstname and last name
+print(person1.get_name())  # print full name (Elizaveta Alekseeva)
+print(
+    person1.get_full_name()
+)  # print full name (Elizaveta Alekseeva) we did not change the last name yet
+person1.change_last_name(
+    "Tyurina"
+)  # store the last name in pervious_last_name list then set a new value for last name "Tyurina"
+print(person1.get_name())  #  #print full name (Elizaveta Tyurina)
+print(person1.get_full_name())  # print Elizaveta Tyurina (née Alekseeva)
+person2 = Parent(
+    "Elizaveta", "Alekseeva"
+)  # declare an object of Parent class and give two arguments as firstname and last name
+print(person2.get_name())  # print full name (Elizaveta Alekseeva)
+# print(person2.get_full_name())                                            # Error: Parent does not define get_full_name().
+# person2.change_last_name("Tyurina")                                     ## Error: Parent does not define change_last_name().
+print(person2.get_name())  # print full name (Elizaveta Alekseeva)
+# print(person2.get_full_name())                                          # Error: Parent does not define get_full_name().

Perp-exercises/method4.2.py

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+from datetime import date
+
+
+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, date_of_birth: date, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.date_of_birth = date_of_birth
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+
+    def age(self) -> int:
+        current: date = date.today()
+        age: int = current.year - self.date_of_birth.year
+        if (current.month, current.day) < (
+            self.date_of_birth.month,
+            self.date_of_birth.day,
+        ):
+            age -= 1
+        return age
+
+    def is_adult(self) -> bool:
+        return self.age() >= 18
+
+
+imran = Person("Imran", date(2022, 10, 16), "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.is_adult())

Perp-exercises/method_exercise4.1.py

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+# Think of the advantages of using methods instead of free functions. Write them down in your notebook.
+# Polymorphism – Derived classes can override methods to provide different behavior.
+# Encapsulation – Methods operate on the object's data (self), keeping data and behavior together.
+# Inheritance – Methods are inherited by derived classes, reducing code duplication.
+# Direct access to object state – Methods can access the object's attributes and other methods through self.

Perp-exercises/mypy-exercise2.py

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+def open_account(balances: dict[str, int], name: str, amount: int) -> None:
+    balances[name] = amount
+
+
+def sum_balances(accounts: dict[str, int]) -> int:
+    total: int = 0
+    for name, pence in accounts.items():
+        print(f"{name} had balance {pence}")
+        total += pence
+    return total
+
+
+def format_pence_as_string(total_pence: int) -> str:
+    if total_pence < 100:
+        return f"{total_pence}p"
+    pounds = int(total_pence / 100)
+    pence = total_pence % 100
+    return f"£{pounds}.{pence:02d}"
+
+
+balances: dict[str, int] = {
+    "Sima": 700,
+    "Linn": 545,
+    "Georg": 831,
+}
+
+
+open_account(balances, "Tobi", 913)
+open_account(balances, "Olya", 713)
+
+total_pence = sum_balances(balances)
+total_string = format_pence_as_string(total_pence)
+
+print(f"The bank accounts total {total_string}")