feat: add Apple M2/M3/M4 chip TDP support

[williamacostalora]

Description

Adds TDP (Thermal Design Power) entries for Apple M2, M3, and M4 chip variants to cpu_power.csv, and adds unit tests covering correct TDP lookup for all new entries plus a fallback test for unrecognized future Apple chips.

Related Issue

Fixes #758

Motivation and Context

CodeCarbon's CPU power detection only had an entry for Apple M1 in its TDP lookup table. Users on M2, M3, or M4 Macs received a "We saw that you have a Apple M3 Pro but we don't know it" warning and fell back to a generic estimate of 4W per CPU thread, producing inaccurate emissions data for a large and growing portion of ML practitioners on Apple Silicon.

How Has This Been Tested?

• Reproduced the bug by mocking detect_cpu_model() to return "Apple M3 Pro", confirming the existing fallback warning and incorrect 32W estimate (vs. ~18W actual spec)
• Added 12 new rows to cpu_power.csv covering M2, M2 Pro, M2 Max, M2 Ultra, M3, M3 Pro, M3 Max, M3 Ultra, M4, M4 Pro, M4 Max, M4 Ultra
• Added 4 new unit tests to tests/test_cpu.py:
  • Correct TDP lookup for M2 series
  • Correct TDP lookup for M3 series
  • Correct TDP lookup for M4 series
  • Graceful fallback for an unrecognized future chip (e.g. "Apple M5 Pro") confirms no crash, falls back to existing default behavior
• Ran full tests/test_cpu.py suite: 43 passed, 2 skipped (skips are pre-existing, platform-specific, unrelated to this change)
• Rebased on latest upstream/master to confirm no conflicts with recent changes

Note on TDP value sourcing

TDP values are sourced from NotebookCheck and CPU Monkey, matching the
table @makoeppel shared in this issue thread (since Apple does not
publish official TDP specs):

• M2 (22W), M2 Pro (35W), M2 Max (50W), M2 Ultra (105W) — midpoints of
  the ranges in the issue's sourced table
• M3 (22W), M3 Pro (35W), M3 Max (50W) — direct values from the sourced
  table
• M3 Ultra, M4 Pro, M4 Max, M4 Ultra had no source found in the issue
  thread, so these are extrapolated proportionally from the equivalent
  M3-generation values (M3 Ultra: 100W, M4 Pro: 35W, M4 Max: 55W,
  M4 Ultra: 110W). Happy to adjust if better sources are available, or
  to leave these out of scope for a follow-up if preferred.

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)

AI Usage Disclosure

• ⭐ AI-assisted. Car analogy: you drive the car, AI helps you find your way.

I used Claude as a pair-programming assistant throughout: it helped me locate the relevant files, explained the existing fuzzy-matching lookup logic in TDP._get_matching_cpu(), and walked me through correct unittest.mock.patch usage (including a gotcha around patching codecarbon.core.cpu.detect_cpu_model rather than codecarbon.core.util.detect_cpu_model). I wrote, ran, and reviewed every command and test myself, sourced the actual Apple Silicon TDP values independently, and made all decisions about test structure and scope.

Checklist:

• My code follows the code style of this project.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have read the docs/how-to/contributing.md document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.
• All new and existing tests passed.

[williamacostalora]

Hi! I've updated the TDP values in this PR to match the sourced table @makoeppel shared in the issue thread, rather than the rough estimates I originally used. Also added a note in the description explaining where each value came from and flagging which ones (M3 Ultra, M4 Pro/Max/Ultra) had no direct source and were extrapolated. Let me know if you'd prefer a different approach for those, or if it makes sense to scope them out for now. Thanks for your time!

[benoit-cty]

Thanks a lot !
Sorry for the delay.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.39%. Comparing base (aea5d20) to head (7d97afe).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #1256   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   89.39%   89.39%           
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  Files          47       47           
  Lines        4565     4565           
=======================================
  Hits         4081     4081           
  Misses        484      484           

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[williamacostalora]

@benoit-cty! Really appreciate it. Let me know if there's anything else needed before merging.

[williamacostalora]

Hi @benoit-cty ! The branch update triggered a new workflow approval request. Could you approve the CI workflows when you get a chance so the pre-commit check can run? Thanks again!