sorts: make bogo_sort work with any Comparable, not just int

[Pradhyut21]

Describe your change:

Updates sorts/bogo_sort.py to use PEP 695 type parameter syntax
so that bogo_sort correctly expresses it can sort any orderable
type, not just integers. Refactors is_sorted() as a typed inner
helper. Adds str and float doctest examples.

Part of #15234

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
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• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate improvements.
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