London | 26-ITP-May | Eyob Zeray | Sprint 1 | course work

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/1-count.js

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ count = count + 1;
 
 // Line 1 is a variable declaration, creating the count variable with an initial value of 0
 // Describe what line 3 is doing, in particular focus on what = is doing
+// LIne 3 adds 1 to the count and saves the new value back into count. here, = means "store this value", not "equals" like in maths.

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/2-initials.js

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ let lastName = "Johnson";
 // Declare a variable called initials that stores the first character of each string.
 // This should produce the string "CKJ", but you must not write the characters C, K, or J in the code of your solution.
 
-let initials = ``;
+let initials = firstName[0] + middleName[0] + lastName[0];
 
 // https://www.google.com/search?q=get+first+character+of+string+mdn
 

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/3-paths.js

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ console.log(`The base part of ${filePath} is ${base}`);
 // Create a variable to store the dir part of the filePath variable
 // Create a variable to store the ext part of the variable
 
-const dir = ;
-const ext = ;
-
+const dir = filePath.slice(0, lastSlashIndex);
+const lastDotIndex = filePath.lastIndexOf(".");
+const ext = filePath.slice(lastDotIndex);
 // https://www.google.com/search?q=slice+mdn

Sprint-1/1-key-exercises/4-random.js

@@ -7,3 +7,6 @@ const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * (maximum - minimum + 1)) + minimum;
 // Try breaking down the expression and using documentation to explain what it means
 // It will help to think about the order in which expressions are evaluated
 // Try logging the value of num and running the program several times to build an idea of what the program is doing
+// num is a random whole number between 1 and 100. Math.random() gives a decimal between 0 and 1, multiplying it stretches that range to 0-100, Math.floor rounds it down to a whole number, and + minimum shifts it so the lowest possible value is 1 instead of 0.
+
+

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/0.js

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-This is just an instruction for the first activity - but it is just for human consumption
-We don't want the computer to run these 2 lines - how can we solve this problem?
+//This is just an instruction for the first activity - but it is just for human consumption
+//We don't want the computer to run these 2 lines - how can we solve this problem?

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/1.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // trying to create an age variable and then reassign the value by 1
 
-const age = 33;
+let age = 33;
 age = age + 1;
+// const variables cannot be reassigned once created. Using let instead allows the value to change.

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/2.js

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // Currently trying to print the string "I was born in Bolton" but it isn't working...
 // what's the error ?
 
-console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
 const cityOfBirth = "Bolton";
+console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
+
+// The console.log was written before the variable was declared, so JavaScript didn't know what cityOfBirth was yet. Moving the declaration above the console.log fixes it.

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/3.js

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 const cardNumber = 4533787178994213;
-const last4Digits = cardNumber.slice(-4);
+const last4Digits = cardNumber.toString().slice(-4);
+
+// cardNumber is a number, but .slice() only works on strings. Converting it with .toString() first lets us slice the last 4 digits.
 
 // The last4Digits variable should store the last 4 digits of cardNumber
 // However, the code isn't working

Sprint-1/2-mandatory-errors/4.js

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
-const 12HourClockTime = "8:53pm";
-const 24hourClockTime = "20:53";
+const twelveHourClockTime = "8:53pm";
+const twentyFourHourClockTime = "20:53";
+
+// Variable names cannot begin with a number in JavaScript. Renaming them to start with a letter fixes the error.

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/1-percentage-change.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ let carPrice = "10,000";
 let priceAfterOneYear = "8,543";
 
 carPrice = Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", ""));
-priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll("," ""));
+priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll(",", ""));
 
 const priceDifference = carPrice - priceAfterOneYear;
 const percentageChange = (priceDifference / carPrice) * 100;
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ console.log(`The percentage change is ${percentageChange}`);
 
 // Read the code and then answer the questions below
 
-// a) How many function calls are there in this file? Write down all the lines where a function call is made
+// a) 5 function calls: replaceAll and Number on line 4, replaceAll and Number on line 5, console.log on line 10.
 
-// b) Run the code and identify the line where the error is coming from - why is this error occurring? How can you fix this problem?
+// b) The error is on line 5. There is a comma missing between the two arguments of replaceAll, it should be replaceAll(",", "") not replaceAll("," "").
 
-// c) Identify all the lines that are variable reassignment statements
+// c) Lines 4 and 5 are variable reassignment statements.
 
-// d) Identify all the lines that are variable declarations
+// d) Lines 1, 2, 7, and 8 are variable declarations.
 
-// e) Describe what the expression Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",","")) is doing - what is the purpose of this expression?
+// e) Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", "")) removes the commas from the string using replaceAll, then Number() converts that string into an actual number so maths can be done with it.

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/2-time-format.js

@@ -23,3 +23,9 @@ console.log(result);
 // e) What do you think the variable result represents? Can you think of a better name for this variable?
 
 // f) Try experimenting with different values of movieLength. Will this code work for all values of movieLength? Explain your answer
+// a) 6 variable declarations: movieLength, remainingSeconds, totalMinutes, remainingMinutes, totalHours, result.
+// b) 1 function call: console.log.
+// c) % is the modulo operator - it gives the remainder after dividing. movieLength % 60 gives the leftover seconds that don't make a full minute.
+// d) Line 4 subtracts the leftover seconds from movieLength, then divides by 60 to get the total whole minutes in the movie.
+// e) result is the movie length formatted as hours:minutes:seconds, like a timer display. A clearer name could be formattedTime.
+// f) The code should work for any positive number of seconds. If movieLength were negative or not a whole number, the output would look wrong or make no sense.

Sprint-1/3-mandatory-interpret/3-to-pounds.js

@@ -24,4 +24,9 @@ console.log(`£${pounds}.${pence}`);
 // Try and describe the purpose / rationale behind each step
 
 // To begin, we can start with
-// 1. const penceString = "399p": initialises a string variable with the value "399p"
+// 1. const penceString = "399p": initialises a string variable with the value "399p", representing a price of 399 pence.
+// 2. const penceStringWithoutTrailingP = penceString.substring(0, penceString.length - 1): this removes the last character of the string (the "p"), leaving just the digits "399".
+// 3. const paddedPenceNumberString = penceStringWithoutTrailingP.padStart(3, "0"): this pads the string with leading zeros until it is at least 3 characters long. Since "399" is already 3 characters, it stays "399". This step matters for smaller pence values, e.g. "9p" would become "009", ensuring there are always at least 2 digits left for pence.
+// 4. const pounds = paddedPenceNumberString.substring(0, paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2): this takes all characters except the last 2, giving the pounds part of the amount. For "399", this gives "3".
+// 5. const pence = paddedPenceNumberString.substring(paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2).padEnd(2, "0"): this takes the last 2 characters of the padded string (the pence part), then pads it with trailing zeros if it's shorter than 2 characters. For "399", this gives "99".
+// 6. console.log(£${pounds}.${pence}): this combines the pounds and pence parts into a formatted price string, e.g. "£3.99".